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Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email. A research team at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia has discovered a key process that could provide new insight into designing more effective antimalarial drugs, as rising antimicrobial resistance complicates the ongoing global fight against malaria by rendering current drugs less effective. One promising strategy to combat poor absorption or retention of drugs in the body is the use of prodrugs that can offer a more targeted attack. However, these prodrugs need to be activated, typically by an enzyme. By identifying the primary enzyme that activates multiple antimalarial drugs, these new findings could enable the development of prodrugs for malaria, which, by design, would also be less likely to lead to the emergence of drug resistance.New research shows that wastewater sampling, including in sewer systems and on airplanes, could predict new viral and bacterial outbreaks and the emergence of new variants of pathogens weeks or even months before they become widespread, in addition to being less invasive, more efficient, and faster than current methods. A new study from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention demonstrates how it was able to use wastewater sampling to detect the presence of avian flu in 2022 weeks before the virus was detected in poultry and then wild bird populations. Widespread and regular wastewater sampling would enable public health authorities to better surveil population and community health and, on a more micro level, help health care providers provide more accurate diagnoses and care for patients.  Last week, the Pediatric Praziquantel Consortium announced the first administration of its new pediatric schistosomiasis treatment to a preschool-aged child in Uganda, marking a critical step toward closing the long-standing treatment gap for young children for this parasitic disease, which affects millions of children in sub-Saharan Africa. The innovative therapy, designed specifically for children between three months and six years, is also child-friendly, palatable, and heat-stable, making it especially well-suited for this population and region. The rollout is part of a program aimed at integrating the treatment into health care systems and preparing for its broader rollout across the region, starting with Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, Tanzania, and Senegal.

There is a well-known Chinese proverb that says, “Women hold up half the sky,” but when it comes to global health, sadly, humanity has a lot of ground to make up to close the stark gap between the health outcomes of women and men.While women tend to live longer than men, this longevity often comes with a greater burden of disease and disability, underscoring the urgency of addressing sex-based disparities in health care. Women, on average, spend 25 percent more of their lives in poor health compared to men, they are 52 percent more likely than men to have an adverse drug reaction and 29 percent more likely to die from one, and they’ve been found in one multi-decade study to be diagnosed later than men for more than 700 diseases. Research and development (R&D) for female-specific conditions also remains vastly underfunded: only 1 percent of R&D funding focuses on non-cancer-related women’s health.Yet despite these sobering statistics and new threats to the future of women’s health care and research funding, GHTC remains optimistic. With sustained support and investment, the scientific landscape holds immense potential to drive breakthroughs that can close these gaps and improve health outcomes for women worldwide.Thus, in recognition of International Women’s Day, GHTC is spotlighting five promising technologies in the research pipeline that could improve women’s health globally.1. A new treatment for gonorrheaGonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection, more prevalent among women than men, that can cause serious health issues—from pelvic inflammatory disease to infertility and ectopic pregnancies—if left untreated. Combating gonorrhea has become more complicated in recent years, as growing drug resistance has reduced the arsenal of available treatment options.But, excitingly, a new, much-needed breakthrough is on the brink. A first-in-class antibiotic, zoliflodacin, developed by GHTC member the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership, was found to be effective in a large-scale global Phase 3 clinical trial in 2023. If approved, it would become the first new antibiotic for treating gonorrhea in decades. The drug is also taken orally, which would simplify treatment administration for clinicians around the world, and its nonprofit developer, which is committed to delivering affordable access to the product, has the right to commercialize it in more than three-quarters of the world’s countries, including all low-income countries and most middle-income countries. Another second promising antibiotic for gonorrhea from GSK, gepotidacin, is also in late-stage development.2. A therapeutic vaccine for cervical cancerCervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally, claiming the lives of 350,000 women each year. Nine out of every ten cases of cervical cancer are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.Since the introduction of the first preventative HPV vaccine nearly two decades ago, global efforts have focused on expanding immunization coverage worldwide, as well as advancing research that has reduced vaccine schedules from multiple doses to just a single dose, easing administrative costs. Yet, despite these efforts, there remain significant gaps in immunization coverage—only 27 percent of girls worldwide received an HPV vaccine dose as of 2023—underscoring the need for additional complementary treatment and prevention tools.That’s where therapeutic cervical cancer vaccines could offer promise. What if we could administer a shot to patients who have already developed precancerous lesions due to HPV that could eliminate HPV-infected calls before those cells become cancerous? This theoretical possibility could become a reality in the future. A Phase II trial of the investigational therapeutic HPV vaccine Vvax001 reported results in January, finding that the vaccine successfully induced regression of precancerous lesions in half of all trial participants. Among patients with advanced precancerous lesions, the traditional intervention is surgery to remove the affected areas, which carries the risk of side effects and complications. An effective therapeutic vaccine could reduce the number of patients who ultimately require surgery and offer advantages as an intervention that is far easier and less costly to administer in resource-limited settings worldwide.3. Inhalable oxytocin to reduce PPHPostpartum hemorrhage (PPH), or excessive bleeding after childbirth, is the leading cause of maternal deaths worldwide. While the hormone oxytocin is often administered to women following childbirth to prevent PPH by causing the uterus to contract, oxytocin products are traditionally heat-sensitive and administered via injection or intravenously, which can make this intervention challenging to administer in certain settings around the world.To solve this issue, researchers at Monash University have developed an inhalable form of oxytocin that is formulated as a dry powder requiring no refrigeration. Prior clinical research has shown that the product is comparable in effect to injected oxytocin, and now, scientists are advancing research on the best means to administer it. In late 2023, a Phase I trial assessed administration of the product using a low-cost inhaler system called the ICOone. If this product ultimately reaches the market, it could offer a much-needed alternative that would make this lifesaving drug easier to store and administer to women in need, no matter where they live.4. Biodegradable contraceptive implantsMany women worldwide choose to use contraceptive implants as their contraceptive method. These products offer unique advantages for certain women: they are long-acting and easy to use; once inserted, there is no need for users to take or do anything on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis. But eventually, they must be removed when they are no longer effective or when users change their reproductive plans. This removal procedure requires trained health care providers, and it can create an access barrier for women worldwide who live far away from health care facilities.That’s why researchers are working to advance biodegradable implants, which would dissolve into the body over time, eliminating the need for removal. In February 2024, GHTC member FHI 360 launched a Phase 1 trial of a biodegradable implant, Casea S, which aims to prevent pregnancy for 18 to 24 months. At the time, it marked the first biodegradable contraceptive implant to undergo human trials in over 20 years. While the trial will still take a few years to complete and further research will be required, if the implant is successful, it could not only help solve health care access challenges but could also address a middle-ground need between existing implants that last years and long-acting injectables, which usually last three months. FHI 360 also has a second biodegradable contraceptive implant in its portfolio, which is in early-stage development and uses a different contraceptive hormone.5. A new drug to prevent preeclampsiaPreeclampsia is a dangerous pregnancy-related condition that affects between 2 and 10 percent of pregnancies worldwide and claims the lives of more than 70,000 mothers and 50,000 babies each year. While low-dose aspirin and calcium supplements are recommended to women who are at high risk of the condition, there is currently no medicine approved specifically to prevent preeclampsia. That could change in the coming years thanks to emerging research.A British biotech company has developed an investigational, once-daily oral drug, MZe786, to prevent preeclampsia, which is in early-stage development. In animal studies, the drug, which is a form of aspirin that also releases hydrogen sulfide, elicited an improvement in maternal and fetal outcomes compared to aspirin alone. While further confirmation of these effects in human clinical trials is needed and it could be many years before such a product potentially reaches market, in 2022, the drug was awarded a fast-track development status by the United Kingdom’s regulatory agency, becoming the first pregnancy-related drug to receive this status, signifying its potential to address an urgent and unmet need.All five of these promising products are inspiring examples of the stepwise progress achieved through past investments in women’s health research, but we also hope that they will serve as a rallying cry to what more could be possible if we were to devote adequate resources to addressing these challenges.This International Women’s Day, we hope that the global community will further commit to investing in innovations for women’s health and to expanding the representation of women in clinical research. After all, closing the women’s health gap is not only essential to the well-being and future of millions of women and girls worldwide, but it will also enrich the well-being and economic stability of their families, communities, and nations. It’s a responsibility and opportunity we can’t ignore.

Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email. A team of Brazilian researchers has developed a simple test that can detect exposure to any of the four strains of dengue virus, as well as the Zika virus, as dengue cases continue to rise to a concerning degree in the region. The test was first validated with blood samples from mice experimentally infected with the viruses and then with hundreds of blood samples donated by people during the 2015-2017 Brazilian Zika epidemic. It uses technology that can be easily adapted for use in automated systems and rapid point-of-care tests and could serve as a key tool in the case of a Zika outbreak, allowing health care providers to test the immunity of at-risk groups while accounting for the possibility of cross-reactivity with antibodies produced after infection by dengue.Last week, IAVI and Biofabri announced that the first doses of tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate MTBVAC have been administered in a critical large-scale Phase 2b trial testing the safety and efficacy of MTBVAC to prevent active TB lung disease in adolescents and adults. While there is a vaccine for TB, it is more than 100 years old and has limited efficacy in preventing pulmonary TB, the most common form in adults. A new vaccine could be a game changer in the global fight against this leading infectious disease. MTBVAC is also a single-shot vaccine, making it easier to administer in low-resource and remote settings, and the partners developing it are committed to ensuring that, if proven successful in further trials, there will be a sufficient, affordable supply in the places where it is most needed.The Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator (CARB-X) last week announced a $2 million award to Immunethep to develop a vaccine against invasive strains of Escherichia coli. The funding will support work on a conjugate peptide-based vaccine candidate designed to induce immunity to E coli, which can cause serious, life-threatening infections that are becoming harder to treat with the rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. There are currently no vaccines for E coli. The candidate has demonstrated efficacy against E coli, as well as four other priority bacterial pathogens in animal models, and, if it continues to prove successful, could be a key tool for preventing serious bacterial infections in vulnerable populations.

South Africa’s presidency will be the first time an African country presides over the G20, representing a massive opportunity to shine a light on the needs and capacities of the region, and we welcome their government's focus on science-based innovation. The world remains dangerously unprepared to prevent and respond to emerging diseases and global health threats, and G20 leaders must take action and seize opportunities to ensure every country and community has the tools they need to address poverty-related and neglected diseases as part of universal health coverage and create a pandemic-ready future. This means investing in both new and existing mechanisms that facilitate the development of new health technologies and strengthen the research and development (R&D) ecosystem globally to create a more fit-for-purpose global health architecture.GHTC is calling upon G20 nations to support the Global Coalition for Local and Regional Production, Innovation, and Equitable Access; robustly fund R&D partnerships for pandemic preparedness; establish a global medical countermeasures platform; support investments to strengthen local R&D capacity globally; advance R&D for key priorities like antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and climate resiliency; and improve access to new technologies through regulatory strengthening, specifically prioritizing the R&D needs of underserved populations.1. Pandemic prevention, preparedness, and responseIt is clear that building up robust research and manufacturing capacities in regional science ecosystems is critical to ensuring access to quality and affordable health technologies for the most vulnerable populations, including women and children. Yet the challenge lies in catalyzing more geographically diversified local production of novel health products and building sustainable manufacturing capacity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cross collaboration is also essential, as these capabilities are not just necessary for strengthening pandemic preparedness and response, but also for combatting endemic diseases. GHTC calls on the G20 to consider the following recommendations:  Support the implementation and pilot testing of the Global Coalition for Local and Regional Production, Innovation, and Equitable Access.Ensure civil society and community voices have a seat at the table, including in the decision-making structures of the coalition.Highlight the need to focus on local and regional R&D to fill the gap in health tools for the world’s most neglected communities, including tools addressing historically neglected diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue, as well as higher-burden, poverty-related diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.Boost upstream R&D through the coalition, harnessing and strengthening R&D capacities across G20 countries through both South-South and triangular partnerships. This could include supporting open drug discovery networks, undertaking preclinical and clinical evaluation of prioritized compounds, and initiating clinical trials.Foster regulatory cooperation by collaborating with stakeholders such as the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization, the African Union, the European Union, and others, to share expertise and conduct joint reviews in order to overcome regulatory bottlenecks and facilitate rapid access to products.Strengthen local capacity and ownership through support for R&D hubs that span the product development value chain, from discovery to productive development to distributed manufacturing to clinical trial infrastructure in LMICs. Support regionally led plans for innovation and manufacturing of economically viable vaccines, diagnostics, and therapeutics.Couple manufacturing investments with commitments by private-sector companies and governments to step up support for technology transfer, technical assistance to local manufacturers for quality systems, regulatory authorization, market entry, and workforce development so that new manufacturing hubs have the equipment, expertise, know-how, and power to produce and deliver new quality-assured innovations safely and rapidly at scale.Support preferential procurement policies for regionally manufactured products from global procurers such as Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance; The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; UNICEF; and Unitaid. Commit to developing globally accessible online prototype libraries of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines for priority viral and bacterial families and for Disease X, in coordination with the World Health Organization’s updated priority viral family list.Accelerate clinical trials aiming to determine product safety and effectiveness and systematically include community engagement plans in clinical study protocols. Establish reference standards for diagnostics early in disease outbreaks and clinical trials.Fully and sustainably finance public-private R&D and access partnerships for strategic health products that will be crucial during a future health emergency or pandemic, including committing $80 million to FIND’s 100 Days Mission framework for diagnostics and $1.5 billion to fulfill the remaining financing needs for the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations’s 100 Days Mission strategy for vaccines, as well as supporting Unitaid and others for therapeutics including oxygen therapy.Establish and adopt an end-to-end medical countermeasures platform guided by human rights principles, focusing on the needs of all, particularly those in LMICs, through sustainable financing, addressing R&D needs, and implementing mechanisms for equitable access.Support the coordination of vaccine manufacturing networks to service clinical trials and routine supplies in inter-pandemic and pandemic periods.Facilitate agreement between key stakeholders, countries and funders on how sustainable stockpiles of experimental vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics can be created to enable a rapid response to new outbreaks.2. Science and innovation for health and economic growthSouth Africa’s leadership in health research and commitment to science within its G20 health agenda reflects the important role that innovation plays in improving health outcomes and driving economic growth. A resilient product development value chain further fosters innovation of lifesaving products and elevates community expertise. To build on collaboration across G20 health priorities, it is critical to implement an end-to-end research pipeline that carries lessons learned throughout, from clinical trials to manufacturing and surveillance. Furthermore, the evolving threat of AMR underscores the need for crosscutting and sustainable innovation, touching on issues of pandemic preparedness, climate resilience, adaptability, and more. AMR is anticipated to cause 10 million deaths by 2050, with the highest burden in the Global South. While it was promising to see AMR commitments made last year on the global stage, it is imperative that South Africa carries this work forward as G20 lead this year. GHTC calls on G20 countries to consider the following recommendations:  Support cross-collaborative approaches for innovation—globally and across G20 health pillars—that foster localized capacity-building and equitable access to products that ensure the specific R&D needs of women, children, and other vulnerable populations are addressed.  Establish a comprehensive end-to-end product development pipeline that optimizes global health R&D outputs and maximizes return on investment across G20 priorities. G20 countries should ensure greater cross-sector collaboration—including the pandemic preparedness and science for health pillars—to advance the R&D ecosystem.Engage with local experts, such as primary health care providers, community members, and civil society, to identify specific health technology gaps for underserved populations and take actionable steps to close them, including specifying target product profiles and investing in therapeutics and diagnostic tools for children and pregnant women.  Leverage existing political frameworks dedicated to global health R&D, such as the African Union-European Union Innovation Agenda, to develop joint research and innovation agendas to improve the availability and affordability of emerging technologies. Support product development partnerships, which have been a key instrument in the fight against poverty-related and neglected diseases and make further investments in this essential component of the global health architecture. This is particularly critical to ensure that products are developed and distributed with the end user in mind and with characteristics, including affordability, acceptability, and ease of administration, that facilitate their uptake and delivery.  Prioritize addressing AMR by investing in the development of novel products and engaging in key partnerships with civil society and multilateral bodies to build on progress made in the fight against AMR.Invest in R&D to develop new antimicrobials and ensure investments align with global and regional push/pull incentives that harness the financial force and prowess of the private sector to bring novel antimicrobial products to market.  Contribute to existing global AMR players, such as the Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator, or CARB-X, and the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership, or GARDP.  Provide ongoing support to the Global AMR R&D Hub in its work providing countries and investors with the latest AMR R&D landscape information, helping to address market gaps. The Hub should also pave the way for efficient deployment of tailor-made incentives for R&D and facilitate global discussions on priorities and opportunities for increasing investments in R&D. With so many tectonic shifts for global health in 2025, GHTC urges G20 members to work with civil society to push for the successful implementation of these key principles, pledges, and initiatives and build a global health architecture with all relevant stakeholders that increases the development of and access to health technologies.